【英文标准名称】:StandardSpecificationforCranialTractionTongsandHaloExternalSpinalImmobilizationDevices
【原文标准名称】:颅骨牵引钳和晕轮外部脊椎固定装置的标准规范
【标准号】:ASTMF1831-1997(2006)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:1997
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:F04.31
【标准类型】:(Specification)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:颅骨牵引钳;晕轮外部固定装置;磁性共振成像
【英文主题词】:cranialtractiontongs;haloexternalfixationdevice;magneticresonanceimaging(MRI)compatibility
【摘要】:1.1Thisspecificationcoversstandardsamanufacturershallmeetinthedesigning,manufacturing,testing,labeling,anddocumentingofhaloandtongexternalspinalimmobilizationdevices,butitisnottobeconstruedasproductionmethods,qualitycontroltechniques,manufacturer''slotcriteria,orclinicalrecommendations.1.2Thisspecificationrepresentsthebestcurrentlyavailabletestproceduresatthistimeandisaminimumsafetyandperformancestandard.1.3Thisspecificationcoversonlythosehaloandtongdevicesintendedforuseonhumansfortherapeuticpurposes.Thisspecificationassumestheuseriswell-trainedintheproceduresandmaintenanceofhaloandtongapplicationandhastheabilitytodetermineifanabnormalityistreatablebytheseprocedures.1.4Thisspecificationdescribesthosedevicescommonlyknownashaloexternalfixationdevicesandwhatisknownascranialtractiontongs.1.5Cranialtractiontongsandhalodevicesareusedtoachieveandmaintainoptimalspinalalignment,inordertoenhancefusionanddecreaseneurologicaldeficit.1.6Monitoringtheprogressoftreatmentafterapplicationofthesedevicesisimportant,thisshouldbedoneinaccordancewiththemanufacturer''srecommendationandguidelinespertainingtothespecificdevice.1.7Thevaluesstatedinbothinch-poundandSIunitsaretoberegardedseparatelyasthestandard.Thevaluesgiveninparenthesesareforinformationonly.1.8ThefollowingprecautionarystatementpertainsonlytothetestmethodportionsSections10-15ofthisspecification:Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:C35
【国际标准分类号】:11_040_40
【页数】:10P.;A4
【正文语种】:


【英文标准名称】:EnergyStandardforBuildingsExceptLow-RiseResidentialBuildings
【原文标准名称】:低层住宅建筑物除外的建筑物能量标准
【标准号】:ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNAAddendumbsto90.1-2010
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2010
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国国家标准学会(US-ANSI)
【起草单位】:ANSI
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:建筑物;设计;能量;能量守恒;能量性能;低能耗住宅;最低要求;热环境系统;公用事业设备
【英文主题词】:Buildings;Design;Energy;Energyconservations;Energyperformance;Low-energyhouses;Minimumrequirements;Thermalenvironmentsystems;Utilityequipment
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:P31
【国际标准分类号】:91_120_10
【页数】:
【正文语种】:英语